//--------------------------------------------------------------
// Let's consider a class representing a character in a D&D style
// adventure game:
//--------------------------------------------------------------

public class Character
{
    private final String race;// "DWARF", "ELF", "HUMAN"

    public Character(String race)
    {
        this.race = race;
    }

    public void warCry()
    {
        
        switch (race)
        {
            case "DWARF":
                System.out.println("I will smash your knees!");
                break;
            case "ELF":
                System.out.println("My ears are pointy!");
                break;
            case "HUMAN":
                System.out.println("Raar!");
                break;
            default:
                System.out.println("No war cry defined.");

        }
    }
}


//--------------------------------------------------------------
// Problem: using a String to represent the race is error-prone.  
// We should be using enumerated types!
//--------------------------------------------------------------

public enum Race
{
    DWARF, HUMAN, ELF
}

public class Character
{
    private final Race race;

    public Character(Race race)
    {
        this.race = race;
    }

    public void warCry()
    {
        switch (race)
        {
            case DWARF:
                System.out.println("I will smash your knees!");
                break;
            case ELF:
                System.out.println("My ears are pointy!");
                break;
            case HUMAN:
                System.out.println("Raar!");
                break;
            default:
                System.out.println("No war cry defined.");
        }

    }
}

//-------------------------------------------------------------- 
// In Java, enums are classes.  They can have methods, instance
// variables etc.  We might want to add additional functionality to
// our Race enum like the following:
// --------------------------------------------------------------


public enum Race
{
    DWARF(4.0, 4.5), HUMAN(5.0, 5.5), ELF(6.0, 6.5); // ordered by height.

    private final double minHeight;
    private final double maxHeight;

    private Race2(double minHeight, double maxHeight)
    {
        this.minHeight = minHeight;
        this.maxHeight = maxHeight;
    }

    public double getMinHeight()
    {
        return minHeight;
    }
    
    public double getMaxHeight()
    {
        return maxHeight;
    }
    
    public boolean inHeightRange(double height)
    {
        return height >= minHeight && height <= maxHeight;
    }
    
    public static Race raceFromHeight(double height)
    {
        for (Race curRace : Race2.values())
        {
            if (curRace.inHeightRange(height))
            {
                return curRace;
            }
        }
        return null;
    }
    
}